Vanhu vakakodzera vakaratidza kuti chirongwa che12 cheMakore mashanu chesimba remagetsi chichatarisa kushandurwa kwemaitiro ekugadzirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi, uye kunyanya kupoteredza chimiro chemagetsi, magetsi ekugadzirisa magetsi uye kugadzirisa kwezvikamu zvitatu.Pakazosvika 2012, Tibet ichave yakabatana neInternet, uye network yemagetsi ichafukidza nyika yose.Panguva imwecheteyo, chikamu chekugadzira magetsi emarasha uye magetsi akaiswa zvichaderedzwa ne6% pakupera kweChirongwa cheMakore mashanu.Simba rakachena rinowedzera kuwedzera simba rekugadzirisa.
Chikamu chemarasha mumagetsi chichadonha ne6%
Sekureva kwevanhu vakakodzera veChina Telephone Union, iyo pfungwa yakazara yechirongwa "musika mukuru, chinangwa chikuru uye hurongwa hukuru", ichitarisa kudiwa kwemusika padanho renyika, magetsi ekugadzirisa magetsi, giredhi dhizaini, sainzi uye hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji, kuronga hupfumi negwara rekusimudzira simba, nezvimwe. Pamusoro pezvo, kuchengetedza simba nekuderedza kuburitsa, magetsi emitengo, chiyero chesimba remhepo, modhi yekuvandudza simba renyukireya nezvimwe zvinhu zvinobatanidzwa.
Zvinei kune simba remagetsi muchirongwa che11 chemakore mashanu chakatarisana nechimiro chesimba remagetsi ekusimudzira, magetsi emagetsi indasitiri yekudyara uye mari, kusimudzira simba rinodzokororwa, uye shanduko yemitengo yemagetsi, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuchengetedza zviwanikwa, kuchengetedza simba, iyo yakazara. chiyero chekutakura marasha, kuvandudzwa kwemagetsi ekumaruwa uye kusimudzira uye nezvimwe zvinhu zvisere zvakasiyana, chirongwa chegumi nembiri chemakore mashanu chichasimbisa kutarisa kwekuchinja nzira yekuvandudzwa kwemagetsi emagetsi, uye kunyanya kutenderedza chimiro chemagetsi, kuvaka gidhi remagetsi uye simba. shandura nzira nhatu.
Maererano neState Grid Energy Research Institute, kushandiswa kwemagetsi munharaunda yose kucharamba kuchiwedzera munguva yeChirongwa cheMakore mashanu, asi kukura kwegore negore kwakaderera kudarika kwe11th-Makore mashanu chirongwa.Pakazosvika 2015, kushandiswa kwemagetsi kwevanhu vose kuchasvika 5.42 trillion kusvika 6.32 trillion KWH, nekukura kwegore negore kwe6% -8.8%.Pakazosvika 2020, Yese magetsi ekushandiswa akasvika 6.61 tiririyoni kusvika 8.51 tiririyoni kilowatt-maawa, ine avhareji yegore yekukura kwe4% -6.1%.
“Kukura kwemagetsi ekushandisa kuri kudzikira asi huwandu hwacho hucharamba huchiwedzera, saka tinoda kuvandudza magadzirirwo emagetsi kuti atore kudyiwa kwemarasha kudivi rekugadzira, kana zvikasadaro hatingaite tarisiro ye15% isiri fossil. simba uye 40% kusvika 45% kuderedza emission ne2015."Muongorori wesimba Lu Yang akataura kumutori wedu wenhau.
Nekudaro, vatori venhau kubva mukuronga kwemushumo wekutsvagisa pamusoro pekuona, "yegumi nemaviri-makore mashanu" nguva yesimba reChina inopihwa pekutanga nemarasha-anopfuta emagetsi ekupisa, izvo zvinoda simba tsime rekugadzirisa nekusimudza mvura nemagetsi, simba renyukireya. uye mvura yesimba rinodzokororwa nemamwe magetsi akachena uye simba rekugadzira magetsi, uye kuderedza chikamu chemarasha kuti apedze kupera.
Maererano nechirongwa ichi, chikamu chemagetsi akaiswa akachena chichakwira kubva pamakumi maviri nemana kubva muzana muna 2009 kusvika pa30,9 muzana muna 2015 uye 34,9 muzana muna 2020, uye chikamu chekugadzirwa kwemagetsi chichakwirawo kubva pa18,8 muzana muna 2009 kusvika pa23,7 muzana muna 2015 ne27.6. muzana muna 2020.
Panguva imwecheteyo, chikamu chemagetsi emarasha akaiswa uye kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kuchaderedzwa ne6%.Izvi zvinoenderana nechikumbiro cheEnergy Administration chekuti marasha anowanikwa mukushandiswa kwesimba rekutanga munguva yegumi nembiri yeChirongwa cheMakore mashanu ichadonha kusvika pamakumi matanhatu nenhatu kubva muzana kubva kune anopfuura makumi manomwe muzana muna 2009.
Sekureva kweNational Energy Administration inoenderana kuronga, mukati menguva ye "gumi nemaviri-makore mashanu" kunharaunda yekumabvazuva kudzora kushandiswa kwemarasha, gungwa reBohai, Yangtze river delta, pearl river delta, uye zvikamu zvekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva, kutonga kwakasimba. marasha, chivakwa chemarasha chinongofunga kutsigira kuvaka kwemagetsi uye kushandiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi anotengeswa kunze kwenyika, kuvaka chirimwa chemagetsi kumabvazuva kuchapa pamberi pesimba renyukireya uye gasi remagetsi.
Kuvakwa kwemagetsi grid: ziva nyika networking
Zvinoenderana nekufanotaura kweState Grid Energy Research Institute, huwandu hwepamusoro hwenharaunda yese huchasvika 990 miriyoni kW muna 2015, neavhareji yegore rekukura kwe8.5% panguva yegumi nemaviri yeChirongwa cheMakore mashanu.Iyo yakanyanya kuremerwa chiyero chekukura inokurumidza kupfuura chiyero chekukura kwekushandiswa kwemagetsi, uye peak-mupata musiyano wegridhi ucharamba uchiwedzera.Pakati pavo, chikamu chekumabvazuva chichiri nzvimbo inotakura zvinhu munyika.Pakazosvika 2015, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei neShandong, mapurovhinzi mana eMiddle East China neEast China achaita 55.32% yekushandiswa kwemagetsi munyika.
Kuwedzera kwemutoro kunoisa mberi zvinodiwa zvekushanda kwakachengeteka uye kwakagadzikana uye nepamusoro peak regulation.Mutori wenhau anogona kuona kubva kumushumo wakakosha wekuronga, tichifunga nezvekuwedzera kwemagetsi, iyo 12th yeMakore mashanu Plan nguva ichave kuburikidza nekukasira kuvakwa kweiyo smart grid, kuyambuka-purovhinzi uye kuyambuka dunhu remagetsi nekuvandudza yakaiswa chiyero chepombi yekuchengetedza.
Shu Yinbiao, mutevedzeri wemaneja mukuru weState Grid, akataura munguva pfupi yapfuura kuti munguva yechigumi nembiri yeChirongwa cheMakore Mashanu, State Grid ichashandisa zano re "chiremera chimwe chakakosha, masangano makuru mana" kuvaka gidhi rakasimba rakangwara.“Simba rimwechete rinokosha” zvinoreva kusimukira kweUHV, uye “hombe ina” inoreva kusimukira kwakasimba kwesimba guru remarasha, simba guru remvura, simba guru renyukireya uye simba guru rinovandudzwa uye kugovaniswa kwakanaka kwemagetsi kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kweUHV.
"Kunyanya, isu tinofanirwa kuvandudza tekinoroji yeUHV AC yekufambisa, kuchengetedza mhepo uye tekinoroji yekutapurirana, smart grid tekinoroji, inochinjika DC yekufambisa tekinoroji, UHV DC yekufambisa tekinoroji, hukuru hwekuchengetera simba tekinoroji, nyowani yemagetsi-yakabatana kudzora tekinoroji, simba rekugovera uye diki. grid tekinoroji, nezvimwe."Shu YinBiao akadaro.
Zvakare, nekuda kwekusarongeka uye kupindirana kwesimba remhepo uye kugadzirwa kwesimba rezuva, kuitira kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakajairwa kwesimba repamusoro pesimba, panguva yegumi nemaviri-Makore mashanu Chirongwa nguva, kutorwa kwesimba remhepo uye simba remifananidzo kuchavandudzwa. nekuwedzera chikamu chebhaling chekubatanidza mhepo-moto kutapurirana uye kumisikidza mhepo-mhepo yekuchengetedza uye nzvimbo yekufambisa.
Bai Jianhua, director weEnergy Strategy and Planning Institute of State Grid Energy Research Institute, anotenda kuti "zvakakodzera kufunga kuti kudzika kwemutoro wesimba rekupisa hakufanirwe kudarika 50%, nguva yekugezera yekufambisa inofanira kudzorwa ne. 90%, uye bundling reshiyo yesimba rinopisa rinounzwa kubva kusimba remhepo rinofanirwa kuve 1:2.
Maererano neshumo yekuronga, panosvika gore ra2015, inopfuura hafu yesimba remhepo yenyika ichafanirwa kutakurwa kubva kumatunhu matatu ekuMaodzanyemba nedzimwe nzvimbo dziri kure kuburikidza negedhi remagetsi remhiri kwedunhu nedunhu, kuvakwa kwekuyambuka dunhu uye kuyambuka. -District power grid yave imwe yezvakakosha zve "12th Five-Year Plan".
Sekureva kwevatori venhau, nguva yechigumi nembiri yeChirongwa cheMakore mashanu ichapedza network yemagetsi yenyika.Pakazosvika 2012, nekupedzwa kwe750-kV / ± 400-kV AC/DC yekubatanidza chirongwa pakati peQinghai neTibet, magidhi makuru matanhatu ekumaodzanyemba, nechepakati, kumabvazuva, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva neNorthern China achabata matunhu ese nemaguta. munyika huru.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-20-2022